The High Price of Going Home
August 26, 2003

The Padres are making great strides to try to field a division winner when they open their new ballpark next year.  They hope they made a step in that direction today by trading left-handed starter Oliver Perez, outfielder Jason Bay and a minor league pitcher named Cory Stewart for Brian Giles.  Many will laud this deal as a steal for the Padres.  After all, they are getting an outfielder who has been one of the most productive hitters in baseball in the last five years.   But I have to wonder if this trade is not a case of closing the barn door too late.  The Giles the Padres wanted was the guy that the Pirates traded for five years ago.  The one they may have traded for might be a very different player.

From 1999 until 2002, Giles was quite probably the second most productive hitter in the National League.  He averaged 37 homers and 110 RBI and 1.040 OPS during those years despite having very little talent around him to help bolster his numbers.  However, this year, Giles has been considerably less productive despite being on a better offensive squad.  He is currently on pace for 20 homers, 90 RBI and a .951 OPS.

The Pirates, on the other hand, got a 22-year old lefty starter who is 24th in the NL in strikeouts despite spending a month and a half in AAA this season.  At his current rate and had he spent the entire season in the majors, he would be 4th in the NL in strikeouts.  His 10.22 strikeouts/9 IP is the 8th best in major league history for a 22 year old, behind such stars as Kerry Wood, Dwight Gooden, Mark Prior, Sandy Koufax and Sam McDowell.  While it's true his ERA currently stands at an ungainly 5.38, most of the damage was done before he was sent down after the first month of the season.  Since his promotion, his ERA has been 4.36.   Remove 3 awful starts - on July 12 vs St. Louis, July 17 vs Arizona and August 15 vs Florida - and his ERA drops to 3.09.  Young pitchers are notoriously inconsistent, but if the Pirates get a left-handed flamethrower they can count on for good/great outings in 77% of his starts, I'd say they got a pretty good deal.   There has been some concern about injury risk with Perez as he has thrown a lot of pitches for someone so young.  However, this is something he has always done.  Last year, for instance, the Padres forbade him from pitching winter ball, concerned that he might wear out his arm, or worse.  But his desire to pitch was so strong that they finally relented and let him pitch under the condition that he only pitch in relief.  He may yet end up under the surgeons knife, but it's looking more and more like he's just one of those guys with an incredibly resilient arm.

Regardless, it's rare that a pitcher with this kind of strikeout ability gets traded at such a young age.  This is Perez' line for this season in the majors so far, his line in AAA, and what he's done since his promotion from AAA:

Season      G   GS     IP      H    ER   HR    BB    SO    W   L   ERA    WHIP    K/9
2003 (MAJ) 19   19   103.2   103    62   20    65   117    4   7   5.38   1.621  10.22
2003 (AAA)  8    8    47.2    44    16    6    12    48    3   3   3.02   1.175   9.06 
2003 (SP)  13   13    76.1    66    37   12    41    92    3   4   4.36   1.402  10.85

The last promising strikeout pitcher who was traded this young (just after his 22nd birthday) had this pitching line before he was traded:

Season      G    GS    IP      H    ER   HR    BB    SO    W   L   ERA    WHIP    K/9
19??       65    2   107.0    76    31    5    57   119   10   5   2.61   1.243  10.01

I was struck by the similarities in their innings pitched, walk and strikeout rates.  Of course, there is a significant disparity in the number of hits allowed and home runs allowed, but some of that could be due to team defense, bullpen support, the park they pitch in, and the way that they were used in the games they pitched.  Other comparable pitchers to Perez in both strikeout rate and strikeout-to-walk rate at the same age are Kerry Wood, Dwight Gooden, Mark Prior, Tom Hall, Sandy Koufax, Bill McCool, Ken Brett and Rick Ankiel.

But it wasn't just Perez the Padres gave up.  Jason Bay has emerged as a very good outfield prospect this season after laboring under the "potential" label for several years.  How good?  Well, here is what Brian Giles did as a 24-year old hitter in AAA with a brief call-up to the majors back in 1995.

Batter       G    AB    R    H     2B   3B    HR   RBI    BB    SO    SB   CS     AVG    OBP     SLG  
Giles (AAA) 123  413   67   128    18    8    15    67    54    40     7    3    .310   .395    .501
Giles (MAJ)   6    9    6     5     0    0     1     3     0     1     0    0    .556   .556    .889    
Giles  (T)  129  422   73   133    18    8    16    70    54    41     7    3    .315   .398    .528        


And this is what 24-year old Jason Bay has done this season at AAA with a brief call-up to the majors and what his numbers would be if they were pro-rated to the same amount of playing time that Giles got at the same age.

Batter      G     AB    R    H     2B   3B    HR   RBI    BB    SO    SB   CS     AVG    OBP     SLG  
Bay (AAA)   91   307   64    93    11    1    20    59    55    71    23    4    .303   .410    .541   
Bay (MAJ)    3     8    2     2     1    0     1     2     1     1     0    0    .250   .400    .750   
Bay  (T)    94   315   66    95    12    1    21    61    56    72    23    4    .302   .409    .546
Bay  (p)   129   422   88   127    16    1    28    82    75    96    31    5    .302   .409    .546
 

It's true that Bay has had the benefit of playing in the hitter friendly Pacific Coast League, but his home park in Portland has played very sympathetically for pitchers over the last several years.  So the power numbers aren't as exaggerated as one might believe at first glance.

I am reminded of a similar trade made 13 years ago.  The Baltimore Orioles felt they were very close to being a contender, so they traded 3 relatively young players for first baseman Glenn Davis with the hope that it would put them over the top.  For those who don't remember, Glenn Davis was a very good hitter from 1986-1989, who put up surprisingly good power numbers despite playing in the Astrodome, a notoriously tough park for hitters.  He had a down year in 1990 and was traded to Baltimore for 26-year old Steve Finley, 24-year old Pete Harnisch and an inconsistent 24-year old right-hander named Curt Schilling.  Davis's bat completely disappeared in Baltimore, in part due to neck and rib cage injuries.  The three players the Orioles traded away obviously went on to have pretty good careers.  Without this trade, the O's might have battled the Yankees and Braves for the title of best team of the 90s.  Anyway, here is what Davis did before he was traded and the year after.

Glenn Davis
Year Ag  Tm Lg  G    AB   R  H  2B 3B  HR  RBI SB CS  BB   SO    BA   OBP   SLG  OPS+ 

1986 25 HOU NL 158  574  91 152 32  3  31  101  3  1  64   72  .265  .344  .493  132
1987 26 HOU NL 151  578  70 145 35  2  27   93  4  1  47   84  .251  .310  .458  104
1988 27 HOU NL 152  561  78 152 26  0  30   99  4  3  53   77  .271  .341  .478  138
1989 28 HOU NL 158  581  87 156 26  1  34   89  4  2  69  123  .269  .350  .492  142

1990 29 HOU NL  93  327  44  82 15  4  22   64  8  3  46   54  .251  .357  .523  143
1991 30 BAL AL  49  176  29  40  9  1  10   28  4  0  16   29  .227  .307  .460  110

And here is what Giles has done recently:

Brian Giles
Year Ag  Tm Lg  G    AB   R  H  2B 3B  HR  RBI  SB CS  BB  SO    BA   OBP   SLG  OPS+  

1999 28 PIT NL 141  521 109 164 33  3  39  115   6  2  95  80  .315  .418  .614  157
2000 29 PIT NL 156  559 111 176 37  7  35  123   6  0 114  69  .315  .432  .594  158
2001 30 PIT NL 160  576 116 178 37  7  37   95  13  6  90  67  .309  .404  .590  153
2002 31 PIT NL 153  497  95 148 37  5  38  103  15  6 135  74  .298  .450  .622  173
2003 32 PIT NL 133  491  89 147 38  5  20   89   0  4 108  61  .299  .430  .521  126


I am not necessarily saying the Padres made a bad deal.  Usually a team has to offer quality in order to get it.  But they are taking a big risk on both sides of this equation: they traded 2 players with considerable upside for a player who might very well be on the downside of his career, and possibly no better than the outfield prospect they gave up in the deal.  And with the troubles the Padres have had with injuries for the last 5 years, each year setting new standards for futility in staying healthy, one has to wonder what's in store for Giles and whether they will miss the depth of having Bay to call on.

On the plus side, even if Giles repeats this year's production in 2004 and 2005, the Padres will have a good player at a fairly reasonable price in terms of salary.   And if he rebounds to previous levels, they probably ended up with a bargain regardless of what Perez and Bay do because even players with great potential often fail to become as productive as Giles has been in his career.  But players who show signs of a decline in skills tend to continue the decline at this age rather than reverse the trend.  There are always exceptions and it's clear the Padres are betting the best of their farm that they got one. 

Oh, and that other strikeout pitcher that was traded so young?  Before the 1994 season, he was traded for a second basemen that was supposed to put the Dodgers over the top.  The rest, as they say, is baseball history.  His name: Pedro Martinez.  So could Perez become a left-handed Pedro Martinez?  Probably not.  But becoming the NL version of Johan Santana isn't out of the question.